Iziguli ezilashwa ezibhedlela zabagula ngengqondo eJapane zibambeke ngokomzimba kaningi kunakwamanye amazwe, kwembula inhlolo-vo yomhlaba wonke, isimo omunye wababhali bayo abaphambili asigxeka ngokuthi “asivamile.”
Isilinganiso seziguli eziboshelwe phansi emibhedeni yazo ngamabhande akhethekile sasiphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-580 eJapane kunase-Australia futhi siphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-270 kunase-United States, ucwaningo olwenziwa uToshio Hasegawa, uprofesa wezifo zengqondo eNyuvesi yaseKyorin yaseJapane, kanye nozakwabo luyabonisa.
"Okutholakele kuphinde kwaqinisekisa ukuthi izikhungo zezempilo yengqondo eJapan ziphendukela ohlotsheni lokunakekelwa oluncike kakhulu ekuzibambeni ngokomzimba," kusho uHasegawa. Okokuqala kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iziguli zivame ukubamba ngendlela engavamile uma ziqhathaniswa nezinye izifundazwe.
Okutholakele kushicilelwe kujenali yezengqondo yamazwe ngamazwe i-Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences.
Ososayensi baseJapane, e-United States, e-Australia naseNew Zealand bahlole idatha etholakalayo kusukela ku-2017 esizweni ngasinye, futhi baqhathanisa nenani leziguli ezivinjelwa ngokomzimba nsuku zonke ezibhedlela zezifo zengqondo kulawo mazwe amane.
Ulwazi oluphathelene nempilo nenhlalakahle engokomzwelo, olukhishwa minyaka yonke eJapane, lwembula ukuthi iziguli ezingu-98.8 esigidini ngasinye zazivinjelwe nsuku zonke.
Izinsiza zeziguli eziwohlokayo azizange zifakwe esilinganisweni njengoba umkhuba wase-Japan wokulalisa izimo ezinjalo esibhedlela uhlukile kwezinye izizwe.
E-Australia, isiguli esingu-0.17 esigidini ngasinye siboshelwe emibhedeni, ngokusho kwemiphumela. E-United States, izinga lalingu-0.37.
Nakuba inhlolovo ingazange iqhathanise ngokunembile amaqembu eminyaka yobudala, iJapane yayidlula kude iNew Zealand ekuvimbeleni iziguli.
Ngenkathi siseNew Zealand, isiguli esingu-0.03 savinjwa esigidini esisodwa sabantu abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengama-64, izinga labantu baseJapan abaneminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengama-64 lalingu-62.3, ngaphezu kwezikhathi eziyi-2,000.
Ukuthi kaningi kangakanani iziguli zivinjwe kwahluka ezindaweni ezahlukene zezwe ngalinye elibambe iqhaza ocwaningweni.
E-Japan, isilinganiso sokuvimbela sasisuka ku-16 kuya ku-244 ezigulini, kuya ngesifunda.
AYIKHO ENYE INDLELA?
Umkhuba waseJapane wokuvimbela iziguli isikhathi eside usudonse ukunaka isikhathi eside.
"Iziguli zivame ukubanjwa ngokomzimba, nakuba isibalo sodokotela bengqondo ngesibalo sabantu singesincane kakhulu uma siqhathaniswa namanye amazwe," kusho uHasegawa. "Mhlawumbe lokho kungenxa yokuthi izikhungo zezifo zengqondo zinemibhede eminingi kunezinye izizwe, okuholela ezigulini eziningi ezibhedlela."
Ngaphansi komthetho waseJapane wezempilo yengqondo nenhlalakahle kanye neminye imithetho, odokotela abamisiwe bezempilo yengqondo bangaphendukela ekuvimbeleni iziguli uma beqaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi iziguli zizozama ukuzibulala noma ukuzilimaza, kubonisa izimpawu zokunganyakazi ngokweqile nokungahlaliseki noma ingozi yokuba ukuphila kwesiguli kube sengozini uma kungenziwa lutho.
Ukusetshenziswa kwendlela kunqunyelwe lapho kungekho ezinye izindlela ezitholakalayo.
Umkhuba wokuvinjwa kweziguli ugxekwe ngokuphuca abantu inkululeko yabo yokunyakaza nokulimaza isithunzi sabo, okwenza izikhungo eziningi zezokwelapha zisebenzele ukuthola ezinye izindlela.
Noma kunjalo, kunokuthambekela okujulile phakathi kwabahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo eJapan kokubheka le ndlela “njengebalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha,” kucashunwa ukushoda kwezisebenzi ezikhungweni zezokwelapha nezinye izizathu.
Iziguli ezingaphezu kwe-10,000 zavinjwa ukuze zingakwazi ukuhamba ezikhungweni zezifo zengqondo eJapan ngo-2019, ngokusho kocwaningo lomnyango wezempilo olwenziwa ekupheleni kukaJuni ngalowo nyaka.